Beds-

Item Tested
Description
Main Material
Mass Fraction, Yi
First Material to Ignite
Total Weight (kg)
Burning Characteristics
Reference
Flammable Mass (kg)
HRRMAX (kW)
ΔHC (MJ/kg)
Bed, Bunk Twin size bunk bed full scale test where fire began at bottom corner of bedframe. Test conducted at BFRL in February of 1996. Images, HRR, and fire data also available at: http://www.fire.nist.gov/fire/fires/bunk/bunk.html .
Cotton Felt
X
4665.6
National Institure of Standards and Technology. "Bunk Bed Fire." <http://www.fire.nist.gov/fire/fires/bunk/bunk.html>
Urethane Foam
Wood
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet) and one pillow. (Test 1a)
Cotton/Polyester
X
1.489
1.489
70.28
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet) and one pillow. (Test 1b)
Cotton/Polyester
X
1.489
1.489
39.05
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad and one pillow. (Test 2a)
Cotton/Polyester
X
2.458
2.458
45.46
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad and one pillow. (Test 2b)
Cotton/Polyester
X
2.458
2.458
61.8
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, an acrylic blanket and one pillow. (Test 3a)
Cotton/Polyester
X
3.654
3.654
96.58
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Acrylic
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, an acrylic blanket and one pillow. (Test 3b)
Cotton/Polyester
X
3.654
3.654
94.81
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Acrylic
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, an acrylic blanket, a medium weight comforter and one pillow. (Test 4a)
Cotton/Polyester
X
4.922
4.922
193.22
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Acrylic
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, an acrylic blanket, a medium weight comforter and one pillow. (Test 4b)
Cotton/Polyester
X
4.922
4.922
127.5
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Acrylic
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, an acrylic blanket, a heavy weight comforter and one pillow. (Test 5a)
Cotton/Polyester
X
5.208
5.208
138.77
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Acrylic
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, an acrylic blanket, a heavy weight comforter and one pillow. (Test 5b)
Cotton/Polyester
X
5.208
5.208
133.2
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Acrylic
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two cotton sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a cotton blanket, a medium weight comforter and a pillow with a cotton pillow case. (Test 6a)
Cotton
X
4.715
4.715
79.55
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Acrylic
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two cotton sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a cotton blanket, a medium weight comforter and a pillow with a cotton pillow case. (Test 6b)
Cotton
X
4.715
4.715
82.9
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Acrylic
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a polyester blanket and one pillow. (Test 7a)
Cotton/Polyester
X
3.391
3.391
63.8
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a polyester blanket and one pillow. (Test 7b)
Cotton/Polyester
X
3.391
3.391
57.37
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a polyurethane blanket and one pillow. (Test 8a)
Polyurethane
X
3.504
3.504
79.3
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Cotton/Polyester
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a polyurethane blanket and one pillow. (Test 8b)
Polyurethane
X
3.504
3.504
69.13
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Cotton/Polyester
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a cotton blanket and one pillow. (Test 9a)
Cotton
X
3.765
3.765
65.41
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Cotton/Polyester
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a cotton blanket and one pillow. (Test 9b)
Cotton
X
3.765
3.765
45.46
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Cotton/Polyester
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a polyester blanket, a medium weight comforter and one pillow. (Test 10a)
Cotton/Polyester
X
4.659
4.659
135.3
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a polyester blanket, a medium weight comforter and one pillow. (Test 10b)
Cotton/Polyester
X
4.659
4.659
200
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a wool blanket, a heavy weight comforter and one pillow. (Test 11a)
Wool
X
5.765
5.765
59.86
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Cotton/Polyester
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet), a mattress pad, a wool blanket, a heavy weight comforter and one pillow. (Test 11b)
Wool
X
5.765
5.765
70.21
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Cotton/Polyester
Polyester
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet) and one latex foam pillow. (Test 12a)
Cotton/Polyester
X
1.35
1.35
100.66
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Latex Foam
Bedding Bedding for a twin bed consisting of two sheets (one fitted and one flat sheet) and one latex foam pillow. (Test 12b)
Cotton/Polyester
X
1.35
1.35
126.31
Ohlemiller, TJ, JR Shields, RA McLane and RG Gann. "Flammability Assessment Methodology for Mattresses." NISTIR 6497. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg: 2000.
Latex Foam
Mattress Mattress was a full-size spring core mattress covered with a quilted ticking over layers of polyurethane foam, fiber batting and a second layer of foam. No box spring. (Test 74)
Polyurethane Foam
1.00
X
1700
Lawson, J. Randall, W. Douglas Walton and William H. Twilley. "Fire Performance of Furnishings as Measured in the NBS Furniture Calorimeter. Part I." NBSIR 93-2787. U.S. Department of Commerce. Washington, DC. January 1984.
Mattress Mattress consisting of cotton felt and polyurethane foam. Ignition was at center of mattress. This test was conducted at BFRL in February 1996 and additional information can be found at http://www.fire.nist.gov/fire/fires/matt1/mat1.html
Cotton Felt
X
687.7
National Institute of Standards and Technology. "Center Mattress Fire." <http://www.fire.nist.gov/fire/fires/matt1/mat1.html >
Urethane Foam
Sisal Spring Cover
Mattress Mattress consisting of cotton felt and polyurethane foam. Ignition was at corner of mattress. This test was conducted at BFRL in February 1996 and additional information can be found at http://www.fire.nist.gov/fire/fires/matt2/mat2.html
Cotton Felt
X
1009.6
National Institute of Standards and Technology. "Corner Mattress Fire." <http://www.fire.nist.gov/fire/fires/matt2/mat2.html>
Urethane Foam
Sisal Spring Cover
Mattress Mattress consisting of polyurethane foam, rayon ticking and bedding. Ignition source: wastebasket with 0.72 kg of commodities. (Mattress 1) Furniture Calorimeter test
Cotton (Bedding)
X
1577.4
Kim, Hyeong-Jin and David G. Lilley. "Heat Release Rates of Burning Items in Fires." AIAA 2000-0722. 38th Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit. Reno, NV. January 2000.
Polyurethane Foam
Rayon Ticking
Mattress Solid foam mattress made from polyether foam and covered with a FR polyester fiber and cotton fabric. (Item 1:21)
Cotton
X
866
21.6
 Sundstrom, B. (Ed.) CBUF: Fire Safety of Upholstered Furniture - the final report on the CBUF research programme. EUR 16477 EN, European Commission Measurements and Testing Report, 1993.
Polyester (FR)
Polyether Foam
Mattress Solid foam mattress made from latex foam and covered with a cotton fabric. (Item 1:22)
Cotton
X
297
13
 Sundstrom, B. (Ed.) CBUF: Fire Safety of Upholstered Furniture - the final report on the CBUF research programme. EUR 16477 EN, European Commission Measurements and Testing Report, 1993.
Latex Foam
Mattress Spring interior mattress made from polyether foam and covered with a 100% polyester fabric. (Item 1:23)
Polyester
X
330
24.4
 Sundstrom, B. (Ed.) CBUF: Fire Safety of Upholstered Furniture - the final report on the CBUF research programme. EUR 16477 EN, European Commission Measurements and Testing Report, 1993.
Polyether Foam
Mattress Spring interior mattress made from FR polyurethane foam and covered with 100% polyester fabric. (Item 1:24)
Polyester
X
29
19
 Sundstrom, B. (Ed.) CBUF: Fire Safety of Upholstered Furniture - the final report on the CBUF research programme. EUR 16477 EN, European Commission Measurements and Testing Report, 1993.
Polyurethane Foam (FR)
Mattress Solid foam mattress used in prisons made from foam and covered with a FR vinyl fabric. (Item 1:25)
Vinyl (FR)
X
16
Sundstrom, B. (Ed.) CBUF: Fire Safety of Upholstered Furniture - the final report on the CBUF research programme. EUR 16477 EN, European Commission Measurements and Testing Report, 1993.
Foam
Mattress Mattress made from various fibers and covered with a polyester/viscose blend fabric. (Item 1:26)
Polyester
X
10
Sundstrom, B. (Ed.) CBUF: Fire Safety of Upholstered Furniture - the final report on the CBUF research programme. EUR 16477 EN, European Commission Measurements and Testing Report, 1993.
Viscose
X
Foam
Mattress Solid foam mattress made from polyether foam and covered with a FR polyester fiber and cotton fabric. (Item 1:21)
Cotton
X
7.3
7.3
916.71
19.68
 "SP Fire DataBase." <http://www-v2.sp.se/fire/fdb/frmLogon.aspx> SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Boras 2004. [Registration required]
Polyester (FR)
Polyether Foam
Mattress Solid foam mattress made from latex foam and covered with a cotton fabric. (Item 1:22)
Cotton
X
14.8
12.5
312.6
12.96
 "SP Fire DataBase." <http://www-v2.sp.se/fire/fdb/frmLogon.aspx> SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Boras 2004. [Registration required]
Latex Foam
Mattress Spring interior mattress made from polyether foam and covered with a 100% polyester fabric. (Item 1:23)
Polyester
X
8.7
1.4
347.93
24.42
 "SP Fire DataBase." <http://www-v2.sp.se/fire/fdb/frmLogon.aspx> SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Boras 2004. [Registration required]
Polyether Foam
Mattress Spring interior mattress made from FR polyurethane foam and covered with 100% polyester fabric. (Item 1:24)
Polyester
X
8.6
1.3
46.8
19.01
 "SP Fire DataBase." <http://www-v2.sp.se/fire/fdb/frmLogon.aspx> SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Boras 2004. [Registration required]
Polyurethane Foam (FR)
Mattress Solid foam mattress used in prisons made from foam and covered with a FR vinyl fabric. (Item 1:25)
Vinyl (FR)
X
7.2
30.64
"SP Fire DataBase." <http://www-v2.sp.se/fire/fdb/frmLogon.aspx> SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Boras 2004. [Registration required]
Foam
Mattress Mattress made from various fibers and covered with a polyester/viscose blend fabric. (Item 1:26)
Polyester
X
31..7
25.83
4.62
 "SP Fire DataBase." <http://www-v2.sp.se/fire/fdb/frmLogon.aspx> SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Boras 2004. [Registration required]
Viscose
X
Foam
Mattress, with Bedding Mattress was a low design. Bedding consisted of a polyester/cotton mattress pad, fitted and flat 50/50 polyester/cotton sheet, acrylic blanket, polyester fiber fill bedspread, and two polyester pillows with polyester/cotton pillow cases.
Polyester
X
290
Ohlemiller, T.J., and R.G. Gann. "Estimating Reduced Fire Risk Resulting From an Improved mattress Flammability Standard." NIST TN 1446. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD: 2002.
Acrylic
Cotton
Polyurethane Foam (FR)
Mattress, with Bedding Mattress was an intermediate design. Bedding consisted of a polyester/cotton mattress pad, fitted and flat 50/50 polyester/cotton sheet, acrylic blanket, polyester fiber fill bedspread, and two polyester pillows with polyester/cotton pillow cases.
Polyester
X
755
Ohlemiller, T.J., and R.G. Gann. "Estimating Reduced Fire Risk Resulting From an Improved mattress Flammability Standard." NIST TN 1446. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD: 2002.
Acrylic
Cotton
Polyurethane Foam
Mattress, with Bedding Mattress was normal design. Bedding consisted of a polyester/cotton mattress pad, fitted and flat 50/50 polyester/cotton sheet, acrylic blanket, polyester fiber fill bedspread, and two polyester pillows with polyester/cotton pillow cases.
Polyester
X
3850
Ohlemiller, T.J., and R.G. Gann. "Estimating Reduced Fire Risk Resulting From an Improved mattress Flammability Standard." NIST TN 1446. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD: 2002.
Acrylic
Cotton
Polyurethane Foam
Mattress, with Box spring Mattress constructed with 312 unit with flex edge wires, 40% blended cotton felt, 40% polyurethane foam and 20% sisal spring cover. Box spring had a wood frame with plastic net coil spring. (Test 67)
Cotton
0.40
X
62.36
660
Lawson, J. Randall, W. Douglas Walton and William H. Twilley. "Fire Performance of Furnishings as Measured in the NBS Furniture Calorimeter. Part I." NBSIR 93-2787. U.S. Department of Commerce. Washington, DC. January 1984.
Polyurethane Foam
0.40
Wood
0.20
Mattress, with Box spring Innerspring mattress with box spring
Cotton Felt
X
382.1
Kim, Hyeong-Jin and David G. Lilley. "Heat Release Rates of Burning Items in Fires." AIAA 2000-0722. 38th Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit. Reno, NV. January 2000.
Urethane Foam
Sisal Spring Cover
Mattress, with Box spring Mattress with Box spring. Ignition source: cigarette lighter. (Mattress 2) Furniture Calorimeter test.
Cotton Felt
X
418.7
Kim, Hyeong-Jin and David G. Lilley. "Heat Release Rates of Burning Items in Fires." AIAA 2000-0722. 38th Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit. Reno, NV. January 2000.
Urethane Foam
Sisal Spring Cover
Pillows Latex foam pillow covered with a pillow case made from 50% polyester / 50% cotton fabric. Ignition source: balled newspaper inside pillowcase which was ignited with a match.
Polyester
X
1.238
1.008
117
27.6
 Babrauskas, Vytenis. "Pillow Burning Rates." Fire Safety Journal, 8 (1984/85), pp. 199-200.
Cotton
X
Latex Foam
Pillows Polyurethane foam pillow covered with a non-woven pillow case. Ignition source: balled newspaper inside pillowcase which was ignited with a match.
Non Woven Case
X
0.885
0.825
43
22
 Babrauskas, Vytenis. "Pillow Burning Rates." Fire Safety Journal, 8 (1984/85), pp. 199-200.
Polyurethane Foam
Pillows Polyurethane foam pillow covered with a non-woven pillow case. Ignition source: balled newspaper inside pillowcase which was ignited with a match.
Non Woven Case
X
0.863
0.783
35
23.7
 Babrauskas, Vytenis. "Pillow Burning Rates." Fire Safety Journal, 8 (1984/85), pp. 199-200.
Polyurethane Foam
Pillows Fiberfill polyester pillow covered with a pillowcase made from 80% polyester / 20% cotton fabric. Ignition source: balled newspaper inside pillowcase which was ignited with a match.
Polyester
X
0.837
0.517
33
20
 Babrauskas, Vytenis. "Pillow Burning Rates." Fire Safety Journal, 8 (1984/85), pp. 199-200.
Cotton
X
Fiberfill Polyester
Pillows Feather filled pillows covered with a cotton pillowcase. Ignition source: balled newspaper inside pillowcase which was ignited with a match.
Cotton
X
1.201
0.521
16
18.3
 Babrauskas, Vytenis. "Pillow Burning Rates." Fire Safety Journal, 8 (1984/85), pp. 199-200.
Feathers
Pillows Fiberfill polyester pillow covered with a fiberglass pillowcase. Ignition source: balled newspaper inside pillowcase which was ignited with a match.
Fiberglass
X
0.922
0.212
22
17.4
 Babrauskas, Vytenis. "Pillow Burning Rates." Fire Safety Journal, 8 (1984/85), pp. 199-200.
Fiberfill Polyester

-Back to Top-